Hal, I think you need to reread the definition of standard that Mike pointed out and note that there is such a thing as a proprietary standard. It also would not hurt to check the dictionary and note that of the 10+ meanings of the word, a key element to the definition is that a standard simply provides a basis for comparison. This is nothing new ... it's been going on for a very long time now. The key element to the definitions has stayed the same all this time ... I suspect you just never thought of it this way before. "Non-standard" does NOT mean "non-Microsoft," but it does not mean "non-ISO/IEEE/NBS" either. It simply means non-compliance with some established standard, and that standard can come from many sources. As to your thinking that people are agreeing with you, I don't think you and I are reading the same email messages ;-) ... you can argue against the dictionaries all you want, but that won't change anything. Rick ==================================== Richard Conn, Principal Investigator Reuse Tapestry -----Original Message----- From: Hal Hart [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Sent: Monday, July 17, 2000 4:46 PM To: Richard Conn Cc: [log in to unmask] Subject: Re: Standards Richard Conn wrote: > Hi, Mike, > > I'm glad you see my point about the term "standard." I don't think > it's necessary to try to distinguish unless it means something to make > the distinction. > ... RICK: I still disagree, and I read almost everyone else replying in this thread to also disagree. It now occurs to me that you are using the word "standard" where most of the rest of us would use "specification" (in the sense of a document -- altho certainly the implications of the 2 words in the Ada sense would pretty much carry the same distinction), or maybe even "definition." There may legitimately be multiple specifications for something (a PL, a function, a piece part, etc.), but hopefully only one of them gets standardized (or the standard is not exactly any one of them, but the result of a consensus process). In fact, some competition prior to establishing a standard is good, to let users try out and evaluate alternative specifications/definitions of a solution proposed to be standardized, esp. if they're supported by implementations (a mistake the DoD used to make often with its "MIL/DoD Standards"). I guess this is a lost cause, because we can't control companies who want to haphazardly stick the word "standard" on the front of their documents. The word is already severely devalued, and our usage of it isn't going to make things much better or worse than the already confusing state of affairs. "Standard" used to mean something, but now it's used so differently and inconsistently as to not be meaningful, IMO. It's a shame. -Hal