> Here's a C++ example to try: ... > Compile this with full optimization and look at the generated code! This is not a good example, since there are no variables. So compiling the c++ code results in: main: pushl %ebp movl %esp,%ebp pushl $720 <-- pushl $cout <-- call __ls__7ostreamUl <-- addl $8,%esp pushl %eax call endl__FR7ostream movl $1,%eax movl %ebp,%esp popl %ebp ret .Lfe1: .size main,.Lfe1-main .ident "GCC: (GNU) 2.7.2.1" Which says more about gcc's optimizer than about the templates... :-) Jerry.